arrows, and an Elven battle magician. The prime aim of the tutorials is 
to explain Crawl's interface. They do not focus on 'optimal' gameplay 

arrows, and an Elven magician. The prime aim of the tutorials is to
explain Crawl's interface. They do not focus on 'optimal' gameplay 

your choice of class, race, or both if you would rather the game
decided for you.

your choice of class, race, or both if you would rather have the game
decide for you.

Chaos Knights, or a starting weapon for Fighters.

Chaos Knights, and a starting weapon for Gladiators.

 A - shows any pecularities like unusual speed or eating behaviours

 A - shows any peculiarities like unusual speed or eating behaviours

learn spells etc. They grow permanently from gaining levels, and may

learn spells, etc. They grow permanently from gaining levels, and may

Resistance:   and enchantments and similar magic directed at you. 
-----------   Although your magic resistance increases with your level 
              to an extent determined by your character's species, the 
              creatures you will meet deeper in the dungeon are better 
              at casting spells and are more likely to be able to affect
              you. MR is an internal variable, so you can't see what 
              yours is, but you can get a rough idea by pressing '@'.

Resistance:   and similar magic directed at you. Although your magic 
-----------   resistance increases with your level to an extent 
              determined by your character's species, the creatures you 
              will meet deeper in the dungeon are better at casting 
              spells and are more likely to be able to affect you. MR is 
              an internal variable, so you can't see what yours is, but 
              you can get a rough idea by pressing '@'.

on the keyboard) you rest for 100 turns or until your hit points or 

on the keyboard), you rest for 100 turns or until your hit points or 

have a chance of detecting any traps or secret doors near you.

have a chance of detecting any traps or secret doors near you. 

and can choose what to buy. Unfortunately the shopkeepers all have an

and can choose what to buy. Unfortunately, the shopkeepers all have an

you will mostly just need strings like 'mutation', 'heal wounds' etc. 

you will mostly just need strings like 'mutation', 'heal wounds', etc. 

This pool of points is used up whenever you practice a skill. These 

This pool of points is used up whenever you practise a skill. These 

practising the skill in question (e.g. fight with a certain type of 
weapon, cast a certain type of spell, or walk around wearing light 
armour to practise stealth). The amount of unassigned experience points
is shown next to your experience total on the main screen as well as on
the skills screen, and the number in blue next to each skill counts up 
from 0% to 100% as you get closer to gaining a level in that skill.

practising the skill in question (e.g. fighting with a certain type of 
weapon, casting a certain type of spell, or walking around wearing 
light armour to practise stealth). The amount of unassigned experience 
points is shown next to your experience total on the main screen as well 
as on the skills screen, and the number in blue next to each skill 
counts up from 0% to 100% as you get closer to gaining a level in that 
skill.

skills like stealth which use up points whenever you move. It can also 

skills like stealth, which use up points whenever you move. It can also 

range if, for some reason, you wanted to do that.

range if, for some reason, you want to do that.

particularly if you meet a unique for the first time.

particularly if you meet one of them for the first time.

disintegration; you can also bash one into pieces by brute force, 
however.

disintegration; you can also bash some of them into pieces by brute 
force, however.

'='     reassign item slot (works also for spells slots and abilities)

'='     reassign item slot (works also for spell slots and abilities)

You pick items up with the 'g'et or ',' (comma) command and drop them 

You pick items up with the 'g'et or ',' (comma) command, and drop them 

of item which are useful to wield.

of item which is useful to wield.

Darts are effective when simply thrown; other kinds of ammunition 
require you to wield an appropriate device to inflict worthwhile damage.
Ammunition has only one "plus" value, which affects both accuracy and 
damage. If you have ammunition suitable for what you are wielding, the 
'f' command will choose the first lot in your inventory, or you can use
the 't' command to throw anything. If you are using the right kind of 
hand weapon, you will "shoot" the ammunition, otherwise you "throw" it.
At times it also sensible to throw weapons like spears, daggers, or 
hand axes.

Several kinds of ammunition, such as javelins, are effective when simply 
thrown; other kinds require you to wield an appropriate device to 
inflict worthwhile damage. Ammunition has only one "plus" value, which 
affects both accuracy and damage. If you have ammunition suitable for 
what you are wielding, the 'f' command will choose the first lot in your 
inventory, or you can use the 't' command to throw anything. If you are 
using the right kind of hand weapon, you will "shoot" the ammunition, 
otherwise you will "throw" it. At times it is also sensible to throw 
weapons like spears, daggers, or hand axes.

will be less effective.

will be less effective at doing so.

save these up for the more powerful and inscrutable magic items, like 
rings. You can read scrolls (and by doing so invoke their magic) with 

save these up for the more powerful and inscrutable magic items, such 
as rings. You can read scrolls (and by doing so invoke their magic) with 

invoke the power of a wand by 'z'apping it. See section I. for
targeting. There are also a number of wands that may be useful to zap
at yourself, but it is usually prudent to know what you're zapping at
yourself before you do so.

invoke the power of a wand by 'z'apping it. See section I for targeting. 
There are also a number of wands that may be useful to zap at yourself, 
but it is usually prudent to know what you're zapping at yourself before 
you do so.

items. They hold spells which you can cast without having to memorise
them first and without consuming food. You must wield a rod like a

item. They hold spells which you can cast without having to memorise
them first, and without consuming food. You must wield a rod like a

less restrictive for spellcasting than other armours.
Elven cloaks and boots are particularly useful to those who wish to be 
stealthy. Elven bows are particularly effective in conjunction with 
elven arrows. An Elf does even a bit better whenever using armour or 
weapons of his own kind.

less restrictive for spellcasting than other armours. Elven cloaks and 
boots are particularly useful to those who wish to be stealthy. Elven 
bows are particularly effective in conjunction with elven arrows. An Elf 
does even a bit better whenever using armour or weapons of his own kind.

expend some of your magical energy and you become hungrier (although 
more intelligent spellcasters hunger less quickly from using magic).

expend some of your magical energy and become hungrier (although more 
intelligent spellcasters hunger less quickly from using magic).

on your skills, your intelligence, the level of the spell and whether 

on your skills, your intelligence, the level of the spell. and whether 

holder's pool (this happens much more quickly if the rod is wielded.) 

holder's pool (this happens much more quickly if the rod is wielded). 

actions throughout but by praying you ask for attention. This is how you
dedicate corpse-sacrifices to your God, for example: press 'pD' to pray
first, and then dissect. Note that not all gods like this. Praying also 
gives you a sense of what your God thinks of you, and can be used to 
sacrifice things at altars. If for some reason you would rather like to
stop praying at some point, just press 'p' again.

actions throughout, but by praying you ask for attention. This is how 
you dedicate corpse-sacrifices to your God, for example: press 'pD' to 
pray first, and then dissect. Note that not all gods like this. Praying 
also gives you a sense of what your God thinks of you, and can be used 
to sacrifice things at altars.

healer, priest, paladin, berserker, or chaos knight. 

healer, priest, paladin, berserker, chaos knight, or death knight (the 
last only if you draw your power from your God, instead of from 
necromancy).

It is much more difficult to get rid of bad mutations. A lucky 
mutation attempt can actually remove mutations. However, the only
sure-fire way is to quaff a potion of cure mutation, which will attempt
to remove three random mutations.

It is much more difficult to get rid of bad mutations. A lucky mutation 
attempt can actually remove mutations. However, the only sure-fire way 
is to quaff a potion of cure mutation, which will attempt to remove 
three random mutations.

A very important point in Crawl is steering away from nobrainers.

A very important point in Crawl is steering away from no-brainers.

accepting a more severe "food clock" can play Demigods with their 
near-godly stats, or centaurs, with amazing missile skills and the speed
to take advantage of them. Draconians, on the other hand, reveal their 
adult form (including aptitudes, and sometimes resistances) only at 
level 7. These are a deviation from the usual rule that after choosing a
race, the complete future of that character lies in the hand of the 
player. Nearly every race in the game "offers" a style of its own like 
the above! Sadly, however, at present some do so far less than others.

accepting a more severe "food clock" can play Trolls with their massive 
strength and regeneration from wounds, or Centaurs, with their amazing 
missile skills and the speed to take advantage of them. Draconians, on 
the other hand, reveal their adult form (including aptitudes, and 
sometimes resistances) only at level 7. These are a deviation from the 
usual rule that, after choosing a race, the complete future of that 
character lies in the hands of the player. Nearly every race in the 
game "offers" a style of its own like the above! Sadly, however, at 
present some do so far less than others.

in that direction and in general, all information should be clearly 

in that direction, and, in general, all information should be clearly 

air elemental magic and most are poor at invoking the powers of earth 

air elemental magic, and most are poor at invoking the powers of earth 

conjurations, necromancy, and earth and fire elemental magic. They 
advance as quickly as humans.

conjurations, necromancy, and the elemental magic of earth, fire, and 
ice. They advance as quickly as humans.

As creatures brought back from beyond the grave they are naturally 

As creatures brought back from beyond the grave, they are naturally 

There are two type of undead available to players: Mummies and Ghouls.

There are two types of undead available to players: Mummies and Ghouls.

  increase in level they become increasingly in touch with the powers of
  death, but cannot use some types of necromancy which only affect 

  increase in levels, they become increasingly in touch with the powers 
  of death, but cannot use some types of necromancy which only affect 

Nagas are a hybrid race: humanoid from the waist up with a large 
snake tail instead of legs.

Nagas are a hybrid race: humanoid from the waist up with a large snake
tail instead of legs.

Genealogists would call these species Common Ogres and Sapient Ogres rather, 
yet the folklore labels stuck somehow. These two are genuinely different 
races stemming from a mythological progenitor, the Primordial Ogre. 
While crossbreeding is possible, it is generally frowned upon in Ogre 
societies: the resulting offspring is often ill-fated, and in very rare
cases, even two-headed ogres result.

Genealogists would rather call these species Common Ogres and Sapient 
Ogres, yet the folklore labels stuck somehow. These two are genuinely 
different races stemming from a mythological progenitor, the Primordial 
Ogre. While crossbreeding is possible, it is generally frowned upon in 
Ogre societies: the resulting offspring is often ill-fated, and in very 
rare cases, even two-headed ogres result.

of any colour from putrid green to mucky brown and their mouths are 

of any colour from putrid green to mucky brown, and their mouths are 

  Red Draconians feel at home in fiery surroundings. They're bad with 

  Red Draconians feel at home in fiery surroundings. They are bad with 

      restrictions otherwise. They breath steam and have, like their 

      restrictions otherwise. They breathe steam and have, like their 

The Centaurs are another race of hybrid creatures: horses with a
human torso. They usually live in forests, surviving by hunting.

The Centaurs are another race of hybrid creatures: horses with human 
torsos. They usually live in forests, surviving by hunting.

practice of interplanar miscegenation.

practise of interplanar miscegenation.

have excellent attributes (strength, int, dex) and are extremely robust;
they can also draw on great supplies of magical energy. On the downside
they advance very slowly in experience, gain skills slightly less 
quickly than humans, and due to their status cannot worship the various
Gods and Powers available to other classes of being.

have excellent attributes (str, int, dex) and are extremely robust; they 
can also draw on great supplies of magical energy. On the downside, they 
advance very slowly in experience, gain skills slightly less quickly 
than humans, and, due to their status, cannot worship the various Gods 
and Powers available to other classes of being.

love to frolic and cast mischevious spells. 

love to frolic and cast mischievous spells. 

great is their speed that a spriggan can overtake a centaur.

great is their speed that a spriggan can overtake a centaur. Due to 
their tiny size, they need very little food. However, they are 
herbivorous and cannot eat meat. Their size also makes them unable to 
wear most armour.

The minotaur is yet another hybrid - a human body with a bovine head. 
It delves into the Dungeon because of its instinctive love of twisting 
passageways.

The Minotaurs are yet another race of hybrids - human bodies with bovine 
heads. They delve into the Dungeon because of their instinctive love of 
twisting passageways.

helmets and boots. Despite their lack of wings, powerful kenku can fly

helmets and boots. Despite their lack of wings, powerful kenku can fly,

merfolk aren't as limited on land as some myths suggest, their tails

merfolk aren't as limited on land as some myths suggest; their tails

surprising nimble on land as well as in the water. Experts at swimming,
they need not fear drowning as they can quickly slip out of any 
encumbering armour during the transformation into their half-fish form.

surprisingly nimble on land as well as in the water. Experts at 
swimming, they need not fear drowning, as they can quickly slip out of 
any encumbering armour during the transformation into their half-fish 
form.

this is purely the result of an archaic tradition the reason for which 

this is purely the result of an archaic tradition, the reason for which 

Elementalists, Venom Mages, Transmuters and Warpers. A magician is
the best at using magic. Magicians start with a dagger, a robe, and
a book of spells which should see them through the first several
levels.

Elementalists, Venom Mages, Transmuters and Warpers. Magicians are 
the best at using magic. They start with a dagger, a robe, and a book 
of spells which should see them through the first several levels.

spell (since enchantments do not deal with direct attacks). Instead 

spell (since enchantments do not deal with direct attacks). Instead, 

they've travelled around becoming "Jacks-of-all-trades, masters of

they've travelled around becoming "jacks-of-all-trades, masters of

some small items they picked up along the way, but other than that 

some small items they picked up along the way, but, other than that, 

You shouldn't expect human wanderers to be easy either, as this class
is typically harder to play than the other classes.

You shouldn't expect human wanderers to be easy, either, as this class 
is typically harder to play than the others.

with heavy armour or shields or very big weapons.

with heavy armour or shields or very big weapons. As with fighting, the 
first two levels of this skill can be obtained by training it against 
plants and fungi.

skill to learn, and requires a large amount of practice and experience.

skill to learn, and requires a large amount of practise and experience.

starting with spells always have at least one point of Spellcasting.

starting with spells always have at least one level of Spellcasting.

particularly show you how cumbersome it is. This is measured by the 

particular show you how cumbersome it is. This is measured by the 

In any case, these two effects do are not cumulative: the higher 

In any case, these two effects are not cumulative: the higher 

This skill lets you use wands much more effectively both in terms of 
damage as well as in terms of precision. Furthermore, with high 
Evocations, you can easily deduce the number of charges in a wand 
through usage. Similarly, all other items that have certain powers 
(like crystal balls) work better for characters trained in this skill.
Like Invocations, Evocations is easier to learn than other skills.

This skill lets you use wands much more effectively, in terms of both 
damage and precision. Furthermore, with high Evocations, you can easily 
deduce the number of charges in a wand through usage. Similarly, all 
other items that have certain powers (like crystal balls) work better 
for characters trained in this skill. Like Invocations, Evocations is 
easier to learn than other skills.

If your character does not have a particular skill, s/he can gain it by
practising the activities mentioned above. 

If your character does not have a particular skill, he or she can gain 
it by practising the activities mentioned above. 

                        As with dropping, Ctrl-F allows to pick up items
                        matching a regular expression.

                        As with dropping, Ctrl-F allows you to pick up 
                        items matching a regular expression.

        ?/              Describe a monster, spell or feature.  You can

        ?/              Describe a monster, spell or feature. You can

        Direction       Moves cursor.
  Shift-Direction       Moves cursor in bigger steps (check the option 

        Direction       Move cursor.
  Shift-Direction       Move cursor in bigger steps (check the option 

        .               Travels to cursor (also Enter, Del and , and ;)   
                        (if the cursor is on the character, moves cursor

        .               Travel to cursor (also Enter, Del and , and ;)   
                        (if the cursor is on the character, move cursor

        /               Cycles backward through stashes.

        /               Cycle backward through stashes.

whenever you fire projectiles, zap a wand or cast spells which uses 

whenever you fire projectiles, zap a wand, or cast spells which use 

        !               Fires at cursor position, and stops there with 
                        slighty reduced impact. This can be useful to 

        !               Fire at cursor position, and stops there with 
                        slightly reduced impact. This can be useful to 

        p               Fires at previous target (if still in sight).
        f or t          Smart-firing: fires at previous target, if it is
                        still in sight; and else fires at the cursor 

        p               Fire at previous target (if still in sight).
        f or t          Smart-firing: fire at previous target, if it is
                        still in sight; and else fire at the cursor 

        :               Toggles display of the beam path.    
        Ctrl-F          Toggles target modes (between enemies, all, 

        :               Toggle display of the beam path.    
        Ctrl-F          Toggle target modes (between enemies, all, 

        Ctrl-P,         These two commands allow to change ammunition
        Ctrl-N          while targeting. The choice is subject to the 
                        fire_order option. Usually, you change missiles
                        according to your launcher: ie. when wielding a
                        bow, Ctrl-N and Ctrl-P will cycle through all
                        stacks of arrows in your inventory.
     Shift-Direction    Fires straight in that direction. You can go 

        Ctrl-P,         These two commands allow you to change 
        Ctrl-N          ammunition while targeting. The choice is 
                        subject to the fire_order option. Usually, you 
                        change missiles according to your launcher; i.e. 
                        when wielding a bow, Ctrl-N and Ctrl-P will 
                        cycle through all stacks of arrows in your 
                        inventory.
     Shift-Direction    Fire straight in that direction. You can go 

several shortcuts. The same applies to the pickup menu.
In the following, if an item is already selected, the key will deselect 
it (except for ',' and '-', obviously).
        (               Selects all missiles.
        )               Selects all hand weapons.
        [               Selects all armour.
        ?               Selects all scrolls.
        %               Selects all food.
        &               Selects all carrion.
        +               Selects all books.
        /               Selects all wands.
        \               Selects all staves.
        !               Selects all potions.
        =               Selects all rings.
        "               Selects all amulets.
        }               Selects all miscellaneous items.

several shortcuts. The same applies to the pickup menu. In the 
following, if an item is already selected, the key will deselect it 
(except for ',' and '-', obviously).
        (               Select all missiles.
        )               Select all hand weapons.
        [               Select all armour.
        ?               Select all scrolls.
        %               Select all food.
        &               Select all carrion.
        +               Select all books.
        /               Select all wands.
        \               Select all staves.
        !               Select all potions.
        =               Select all rings.
        "               Select all amulets.
        }               Select all miscellaneous items.

Poison          You are poisoned and continually lose hit points. There

Pois            You are poisoned and continually lose hit points. There

Held            You are held in a net and cannot move freely and instead 

Held            You are held in a net: you cannot move freely and instead